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'''Thirty-five buddhas of confession''' (Tib. གཤེག་ལྷ་སོ་ལྔ་, ''shek lha so nga'', [[Wyl.]] ''gsheg lha so lnga'') — enumerated in Ascertaining the Discipline: the Sutra of Upali's Questions (Toh 68 ''Vinayaviniścayopāli­paripṛcchāsūtra'', '' 'dul ba rnam par gtan la dbab pa nye bar 'khor gyis zhus pa'i mdo''). The relevant passage became known as the ''[[Sutra of the Three Heaps]]'' and is cited in [[Shantideva]]’s [[Compendium of Training]] (Toh 3940, ''Śikṣāsamuccaya'', ''bslab pa kun btus'') as a method of purifying transgressions of vows and downfalls of the bodhisattva vow.<ref>Unlike Ascertaining the Discipline, Śāntideva’s Compendium of Training has been preserved in Sanskrit, eg. as inputted by Mirek Rozehnal and published on GRETIL.</ref>
'''Thirty-five buddhas of confession''' (Tib. གཤེག་ལྷ་སོ་ལྔ་, ''shek lha so nga'', [[Wyl.]] ''gsheg lha so lnga'') — buddhas enumerated in ''Ascertaining the Discipline: the Sutra of Upali's Questions'' ([[Toh]] 68, Skt. ''Vinayaviniścayopāli­paripṛcchāsūtra'', '' 'dul ba rnam par gtan la dbab pa nye bar 'khor gyis zhus pa'i mdo''). The relevant passage became known as the ''[[Sutra of the Three Heaps]]'' and is cited in [[Shantideva]]’s ''[[Compendium of Training]]'' as a method of purifying transgressions of vows and downfalls of the bodhisattva vow.<ref>Unlike ''Ascertaining the Discipline'', Shantideva’s ''Compendium of Training'' has been preserved in Sanskrit, eg. as inputted by Mirek Rozehnal and published on GRETIL.</ref>


#[[Buddha Shakyamuni]] (Skt. Buddha Śākyamuni; Tib. སངས་རྒྱས་ཤཱཀྱ་ཐུབ་པ་, ''sangye shakya tubpa'', Wyl. ''sangs rgyas shAkya thub pa'')<br>
#[[Buddha Shakyamuni]] (Skt. Buddha Śākyamuni; Tib. སངས་རྒྱས་ཤཱཀྱ་ཐུབ་པ་, ''sangye shakya tubpa'', Wyl. ''sangs rgyas shAkya thub pa'')<br>
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#Glorious Jewel (Skt. Ratnaśrī; རིན་ཆེན་མེ་, ''rinchen mé'', Wyl. ''rin chen me'')
#Glorious Jewel (Skt. Ratnaśrī; རིན་ཆེན་མེ་, ''rinchen mé'', Wyl. ''rin chen me'')
#Jewel Moonlight (Skt. Ratnacandraprabha; Tib. རིན་ཆེན་ཟླ་འོད་, ''rinchen da ö'', Wyl. ''rin chen zla 'od'')
#Jewel Moonlight (Skt. Ratnacandraprabha; Tib. རིན་ཆེན་ཟླ་འོད་, ''rinchen da ö'', Wyl. ''rin chen zla 'od'')
#Unerring Vision (Skt. Amoghadarśin; Tib. མཐོང་བ་དོན་ཡོད་, ''tongwa dön yö'', Wyl. ''mthong ba don yod'')
#[[Amogadarshin|Unerring Vision]] (Skt. Amoghadarśin; Tib. མཐོང་བ་དོན་ཡོད་, ''tongwa dön yö'', Wyl. ''mthong ba don yod'')
#Jewel Moon (Skt. Ratnacandra; Tib. རིན་ཆེན་ཟླ་བ་, ''rinchen dawa'', Wyl. ''rin chen zla ba'')
#Jewel Moon (Skt. Ratnacandra; Tib. རིན་ཆེན་ཟླ་བ་, ''rinchen dawa'', Wyl. ''rin chen zla ba'')
#Stainless One (Skt. Vimala;<ref>The Sanskrit version of the Śikṣāsamuccaya adds a homage to Nirmala before Vimala. Both of these buddhas’ names could be rendered into Tibetan as Drima Mepa (Wyl. ''dri ma med pa'').</ref> Tib. དྲི་མ་མེད་པ་, ''drima mepa'', Wyl. ''dri ma med pa'')
#Stainless One (Skt. Vimala;<ref>The Sanskrit version of the Śikṣāsamuccaya adds a homage to Nirmala before Vimala. Both of these buddhas’ names could be rendered into Tibetan as Drima Mepa (Wyl. ''dri ma med pa'').</ref> Tib. དྲི་མ་མེད་པ་, ''drima mepa'', Wyl. ''dri ma med pa'')

Latest revision as of 16:11, 30 June 2021

Thirty-five buddhas of confession (Tib. གཤེག་ལྷ་སོ་ལྔ་, shek lha so nga, Wyl. gsheg lha so lnga) — buddhas enumerated in Ascertaining the Discipline: the Sutra of Upali's Questions (Toh 68, Skt. Vinayaviniścayopāli­paripṛcchāsūtra, 'dul ba rnam par gtan la dbab pa nye bar 'khor gyis zhus pa'i mdo). The relevant passage became known as the Sutra of the Three Heaps and is cited in Shantideva’s Compendium of Training as a method of purifying transgressions of vows and downfalls of the bodhisattva vow.[1]

  1. Buddha Shakyamuni (Skt. Buddha Śākyamuni; Tib. སངས་རྒྱས་ཤཱཀྱ་ཐུབ་པ་, sangye shakya tubpa, Wyl. sangs rgyas shAkya thub pa)
  2. Vajra Conqueror (Skt. Vajrapramardin; Tib. རྡོ་རྗེའི་སྙིང་པོ་རབ་ཏུ་འཇོམས་པ་, dorjé nyingpo rabtu jompa, Wyl. rdo rje snying pos rab tu 'joms pa)
  3. Blazing Jewel (Skt. Ratnārcis; Tib. རིན་ཆེན་འོད་འཕྲོ་, rinchen ö tro, Wyl. rin chen 'od 'phro)
  4. Sovereign King of Nagas (Skt. Nāgeśvararāja; Tib. ཀླུ་དབང་གི་རྒྱལ་པོ་, luwang gi gyalpo, Wyl. klu dbang gi rgyal po)
  5. Leader of the Warriors (Skt. Vīrasena; Tib. དཔའ་བོའི་སྡེ་, pawö dé, Wyl. dpa' bo'i sde)
  6. Heroic Sound (Skt. Vīranandin; Tib. དཔལ་དགྱེས་, pal gyé, Wyl. dpal dgyes)
  7. Glorious Jewel (Skt. Ratnaśrī; རིན་ཆེན་མེ་, rinchen mé, Wyl. rin chen me)
  8. Jewel Moonlight (Skt. Ratnacandraprabha; Tib. རིན་ཆེན་ཟླ་འོད་, rinchen da ö, Wyl. rin chen zla 'od)
  9. Unerring Vision (Skt. Amoghadarśin; Tib. མཐོང་བ་དོན་ཡོད་, tongwa dön yö, Wyl. mthong ba don yod)
  10. Jewel Moon (Skt. Ratnacandra; Tib. རིན་ཆེན་ཟླ་བ་, rinchen dawa, Wyl. rin chen zla ba)
  11. Stainless One (Skt. Vimala;[2] Tib. དྲི་མ་མེད་པ་, drima mepa, Wyl. dri ma med pa)
  12. Gift of a Hero (Skt. Śūradatta; Tib. དཔལ་བྱིན་, pal jin, Wyl. dpal sbyin)
  13. Pure One (Skt. Brahmaṇa; Tib. ཚངས་པ་, tsangpa, Wyl. tshangs pa)
  14. Gift of Purity (Skt. Brahmadatta; Tib. ཚངས་པས་བྱིན་, tsangpé jin, Wyl. tshangs pas sbyin)
  15. Water Deity (Skt. Varuṇa; Tib. ཆུ་ལྷ་, chu lha, Wyl. chu lha)
  16. God of Water Deities (Skt. Varuṇadeva; Tib. ཆུ་ལྷའི་ལྷ་, chulhé lha, Wyl. chu lha'i lha)
  17. Glorious Goodness (Skt. Bhadraśrī; Tib. དཔལ་བཟང་, palzang, Wyl. dpal bzang)
  18. Glorious Sandalwood (Skt. Candanaśrī; . Tib. ཙནྡན་དཔལ་, tsenden pal, Wyl. tsan dan dpal)
  19. Infinite Vitality (Skt. Anantaujas; Tib. གཟི་བརྗིད་མཐའ་ཡས་, ziji tayé, Wyl. gzi brjid mtha' yas)
  20. Glorious Splendour (Skt. Prabhāsaśrī; Tib. འོད་དཔལ་, ö pal, Wyl. 'od dpal)
  21. Glorious One Without Sorrow (Skt. Aśokaśrī; Tib. མྱ་ངན་མེད་པའི་དཔལ་, nya ngen mepé pal, Wyl. mya ngan med pa'i dpal)
  22. Son of No Craving (Skt. Nārāyaṇa;[3] Tib. སྲེད་མེད་ཀྱི་བུ་, semé kyi bu, Wyl. sred med kyi bu)
  23. Glorious Flowers (Skt. Kusumaśrī; Tib. མེ་ཏོག་དཔལ་, metok pal, Wyl. me tog dpal)
  24. Splendour of Brahma, Miraculous Insight (Skt. Brahmajyotirvikrīḍitābhijña; Tib. ཚངས་པའི་འོད་ཟེར་རྣམ་པར་རོལ་པ་མངོན་པར་མཁྱེན་པ་, tsangpé özer nampar rolpa ngönpar khyenpa, Wyl. tshangs pa'i 'od zer rnam par rol pa mngon par mkhyen pa)
  25. Splendorous Lotus, Miraculous Insight (Skt. Padmajyotirvikrīḍitābhijña;[4] Tib. པདྨའི་འོད་ཟེར་རྣམ་པར་རོལ་པ་མངོན་པར་མཁྱེན་པ་, pemé özer nampar rolpa ngönpar khyenpa, Wyl. pad+ma'i 'od zer rnam par rol pas mngon par mkhyen pa)
  26. Glorious Wealth (Skt. Dhanaśrī; Tib. ནོར་དཔལ་, norpal, Wyl. nor dpal)
  27. Glorious Mindfulness (Skt. Smṛtiśrī; Tib. དྲན་པའི་དཔལ་, drenpé pal, Wyl. dran pa'i dpal)
  28. Renowned and Glorious One (Skt. Suparikīrtitanāmadheyaśrī; Tib. མཚན་དཔལ་ཤིན་ཏུ་ཡོངས་བསྒྲགས་, tsen pal shintu yong drak, Wyl. mtshan dpal shin tu yongs su grags pa)
  29. King Indra’s Banner (Skt. Indraketudhvajarāja; . Tib. དབང་པོའི་ཏོག་གི་རྒྱལ་མཚན་གྱི་རྒྱལ་པོ་, wangpö tok gi gyaltsen gyi gyalpo, Wyl. dbang po'i tog gi rgyal mtshan gyi rgyal po)
  30. Glorious Hero (Skt. Suvikrāntaśrī; Tib. ཤིན་ཏུ་རྣམ་པར་གནོན་པའི་དཔལ་, shintu nampar nönpé pal; Tib. རྣམ་པར་གནོན་པས་གཤེགས་པའི་དཔལ་, nampar nönpé shekpé pal, Wyl. shin tu rnam par gnon pa'i dpal)
  31. Perfect Victor in Battle (Skt. *Vijitrasaṃgrāma;[5] Tib. གཡུལ་ལས་ཤིན་ཏུ་རྣམ་པར་རྒྱལ་བ་, yul lé shintu nampar gyalwa, Wyl. g.yul las rnam par rgyal ba)
  32. Transcendent Victory (Skt. Vikrāntagāmin; Tib. རྣམ་པར་གནོན་པས་གཤེགས་པའི་དཔལ་, nampar nönpé shekpé pal, Wyl. rnam par gnon pa'i gshegs pa'i dpal)
  33. Glorious Array of Eternal Splendour (Skt. Samantāvabhāsavyūhaśrī; Tib. ཀུན་ནས་སྣང་བ་བཀོད་པའི་དཔལ་, künné nangwa köpé pal, Wyl. kun nas snang ba bkod pa'i dpal)
  34. Courageous Lotus Jewel (Skt. Ratnapadmavikrāmin; Tib. རིན་ཆེན་པདྨས་རྣམ་པར་གནོན་པ་, rinchen pemé nampar nönpa, Wyl. rin chen pad+ma'i rnam par gnon pa)
  35. Lotus Jewel Steadfast like the King of Mountains (Skt. Ratnapadmasupratiṣṭhitaśailendrarāja; Tib. རིན་པོ་ཆེ་དང་པདྨའི་གདན་ལ་རབ་ཏུ་བཞུགས་པ་རི་དབང་གི་རྒྱལ་པོ་, rinpoche dang pemé den la rabtu shyukpa riwang gi gyalpo, Wyl. rin po che dang pad+ma'i gdan la rab tu bzhugs pa'i ri dbang gi rgyal po)

Notes

  1. ↑ Unlike Ascertaining the Discipline, Shantideva’s Compendium of Training has been preserved in Sanskrit, eg. as inputted by Mirek Rozehnal and published on GRETIL.
  2. ↑ The Sanskrit version of the Śikṣāsamuccaya adds a homage to Nirmala before Vimala. Both of these buddhas’ names could be rendered into Tibetan as Drima Mepa (Wyl. dri ma med pa).
  3. ↑ The Sanskrit is variously interpreted as "resting upon water," “the path of human beings,” and “the son of man.” The Tibetan interpretation, which we are following here is “the son of Nāra,” with Nāra translated as “one without craving.”
  4. ↑ The Sanskrit version of the Śikṣāsamuccaya omits a homage to this buddha.
  5. ↑ The Tibetan appears to translate the Sanskrit name Vijitrasaṃgrāma. Alternatively, the Tibetan could also be a translation of the Sanskrit name Yuddhajaya. The Śikṣāsamuccaya reads Vicitrasaṃkrama (Eng. Perfect Transference).

External links

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