Four extremes: Difference between revisions

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'''Four extremes''' ([[Wyl.]] ''mtha’ bzhi'')
'''Four extremes''' (Skt. ''catuṣkoṭi''; Tib. མཐའ་བཞི་, ''ta shyi'', [[Wyl.]] ''mtha’ bzhi'') —
*existence (ཡོད་མཐའ་, Wyl. ''yod mtha' '')
*non-existence (མེད་མཐའ་, Wyl. ''med mtha' '')
*both existence and non-existence (ཡོད་མེད་མཐའ་, Wyl. ''yod med mtha' '')
*neither existence nor non-existence (ཡོད་མེད་མིན་, Wyl. ''yod med min'')


*existence
Example of this logic is for example in [[Nagarjuna]]'s ''[[Mulamadhyamaka-karika]]'', verse 55:
*non-existence
:''Everything is real and is not real,'' <br/>
*both existence and non-existence
:''Both real and not real,''<br/>
*neither existence nor non-existence
:''Neither real nor not real.''<br/>
:''This is Lord Buddha’s teaching.''<br/>


[[category:Philosophical Tenets]]
[[Category:Enumerations]]
[[Category:Enumerations]]
[[category:Philosophical Tenets]]
[[Category:04-Four]]

Latest revision as of 13:34, 18 October 2024

Four extremes (Skt. catuṣkoṭi; Tib. མཐའ་བཞི་, ta shyi, Wyl. mtha’ bzhi) —

  • existence (ཡོད་མཐའ་, Wyl. yod mtha' )
  • non-existence (མེད་མཐའ་, Wyl. med mtha' )
  • both existence and non-existence (ཡོད་མེད་མཐའ་, Wyl. yod med mtha' )
  • neither existence nor non-existence (ཡོད་མེད་མིན་, Wyl. yod med min)

Example of this logic is for example in Nagarjuna's Mulamadhyamaka-karika, verse 55:

Everything is real and is not real,
Both real and not real,
Neither real nor not real.
This is Lord Buddha’s teaching.