Pratimoksha vows: Difference between revisions

From Rigpa Wiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
No edit summary
 
(17 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
The '''vows of pratimoksha''' (or ‘individual liberation’) (Skt. pratimokṣa; [[Wyl.]] ''so sor thar pa'') mainly emphasize disciplining one’s physical behaviour and not harming others. Pratimoksha discipline is called the foundation of Buddhism because for ordinary people physical discipline is the beginning of spiritual training and the basis of spiritual progress. The aspiration of the pure pratimoksha discipline is the achievement of liberation for oneself, as it belongs to the [[shravaka]] training. However, since Tibetan Buddhists are automatically followers of the [[Mahayana]], they emphasize taking the pratimoksha vows with the attitude of [[bodhichitta]].
The '''vows of pratimoksha''' (Skt. ''prātimokṣa-saṃvara''; Tib. སོ་ཐར་གྱི་སྡོམ་པ་, ''sotar gyi dompa'', [[Wyl.]] ''so thar gyi sdom pa'') or vows of ‘individual liberation’ (Skt. ''pratimokṣa''; Tib. སོ་སོར་ཐར་པ་, ''sosor tarpa'',  Wyl. ''so sor thar pa'') mainly emphasize disciplining one’s physical behaviour and not harming others.  


==Seven Types of Pratimoksha Vows==
Pratimoksha discipline is called the foundation of Buddhism because for ordinary people physical discipline is the beginning of spiritual training and the basis of spiritual progress. The aspiration of the pure pratimoksha discipline is the achievement of liberation for oneself, as it belongs to the [[shravaka]] training. However, since Tibetan Buddhists are automatically followers of the [[Mahayana]], they emphasize taking the pratimoksha vows with the attitude of [[bodhichitta]].


These are the vows of:
==Subdivisions==
There are [[seven types of pratimoksha vows]], the vows of:
{{:Seven types of pratimoksha vows}}


#a [[fully ordained monk]] (Skt. bhikshu) or
There are sometimes said to be eight types of pratimoksha vows if you add the [[one day lay vows]].
#a [[fully ordained nun]] (Skt. bhikshuni);
#a [[novice monk]] (Skt. shramanera) or
#a [[novice nun]] (Skt. shramanerika);
#a [[female novice in training for full ordination]] (Skt. shikshamana) and
#a male lay practitioner (Skt. [[upasaka]]) or
#a female lay practitioner (Skt. [[upasika]]).


There are sometimes said to be '''eight types of pratimoksha vows'''. The eighth category is that of the [[one day lay vows]] (Skt. ashtangopavasa shiksha; Tib. ''nyen né'').
==Further Reading==
 
*[[Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thayé]], ''The Treasury of Knowledge, Book Five: Buddhist Ethics'' (Ithaca: Snow Lion, 1998, reedited 2003)
==External Links==
*''Lama Mipham's Commentary to Nagarjuna's Stanzas for a Novice Monk and Tsongkhapa's Essence of the Ocean of Vinaya'', translated by Glen H. Mullin and Lobsang Rapgay (Dharamsala: Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, 1978)
*[http://www.lotsawaschool.org/pratimoksha.html Pratimoksha vows on Lotsawa School]
*[[Ngari Panchen]], ''Perfect Conduct: The Absolute Certainty of the Three Vows with commentary by Dudjom Rinpoche'' (Boston: Wisdom, 1996)
*[[Sakya Pandita Kunga Gyaltsen]], ''A Clear Differentiation of the Three Codes: Essential Distinctions among the Individual Liberation, Great Vehicle, and Tantric Systems'', translated by Jared Rhoton (New York: SUNY, 2002)


[[Category:Key Terms]]
[[Category:Key Terms]]
[[Category:Pratimoksha Vows]]
[[Category:Vows and commitments]]
[[Category:Vows and commitments]]
[[category:Vinaya]]
[[category:Vinaya]]

Latest revision as of 08:18, 2 August 2019

The vows of pratimoksha (Skt. prātimokṣa-saṃvara; Tib. སོ་ཐར་གྱི་སྡོམ་པ་, sotar gyi dompa, Wyl. so thar gyi sdom pa) or vows of ‘individual liberation’ (Skt. pratimokṣa; Tib. སོ་སོར་ཐར་པ་, sosor tarpa, Wyl. so sor thar pa) mainly emphasize disciplining one’s physical behaviour and not harming others.

Pratimoksha discipline is called the foundation of Buddhism because for ordinary people physical discipline is the beginning of spiritual training and the basis of spiritual progress. The aspiration of the pure pratimoksha discipline is the achievement of liberation for oneself, as it belongs to the shravaka training. However, since Tibetan Buddhists are automatically followers of the Mahayana, they emphasize taking the pratimoksha vows with the attitude of bodhichitta.

Subdivisions

There are seven types of pratimoksha vows, the vows of:

  1. a fully ordained monk (Skt. bhikṣu; Tib. དགེ་སློང་, gelong)
  2. a fully ordained nun (Skt. bhikṣuṇī; Tib. དགེ་སློང་མ་, gelongma)
  3. a novice monk (Skt. śrāmanera; Tib. དགེ་ཚུལ་, getsul)
  4. a novice nun (Skt. śrāmanerikā; Tib. དགེ་ཚུལ་མ་, getsulma)
  5. a female novice in training for full ordination (Skt. śikṣamāṇā; Tib. དགེ་སློབ་མ་, gé lobma)
  6. a male lay practitioner (Skt. upāsaka; Tib. དགེ་བསྙེན་, genyen)
  7. a female lay practitioner (Skt. upāsikā; Tib. དགེ་བསྙེན་མ་, genyenma)

There are sometimes said to be eight types of pratimoksha vows if you add the one day lay vows.

Further Reading

  • Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thayé, The Treasury of Knowledge, Book Five: Buddhist Ethics (Ithaca: Snow Lion, 1998, reedited 2003)
  • Lama Mipham's Commentary to Nagarjuna's Stanzas for a Novice Monk and Tsongkhapa's Essence of the Ocean of Vinaya, translated by Glen H. Mullin and Lobsang Rapgay (Dharamsala: Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, 1978)
  • Ngari Panchen, Perfect Conduct: The Absolute Certainty of the Three Vows with commentary by Dudjom Rinpoche (Boston: Wisdom, 1996)
  • Sakya Pandita Kunga Gyaltsen, A Clear Differentiation of the Three Codes: Essential Distinctions among the Individual Liberation, Great Vehicle, and Tantric Systems, translated by Jared Rhoton (New York: SUNY, 2002)
Retrieved from "https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Pratimoksha_vows&oldid=86776"