Faculties: Difference between revisions

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According to the [[Abhidharma]] teachings, all human physical and mental '''faculties''' (Skt. ''indriya''; Tib. [[དབང་པོ་]], ''wangpo'', [[Wyl.]] ''dbang po'') are encompassed by a list of '''twenty-two faculties'''.<ref>List based on [[Mipham Rinpoche]]’s [[Khenjuk]]</ref>
According to the [[Abhidharma]] teachings, all physical and mental '''faculties''' (Skt. ''indriya''; Tib. [[དབང་པོ་]], ''wangpo'', [[Wyl.]] ''dbang po'') are encompassed by a list of '''twenty-two faculties'''.<ref>List based on [[Mipham Rinpoche]]’s [[Khenjuk]], ''Gateway to Knowledge, vol. I'' (Hong Kong: Rangjung Yeshe Publications, 1984 & 1997), page 67 & Philippe Cornu's article ''facultés'', in ''Dictionnaire encyclopédique du bouddhisme, nouvelle édition augmentée'' (Paris: Éditions du Seuil, 2006), page 218.</ref>


==1-6) The [[six sense faculties]]==
==1-6) The [[six sense faculties]]==
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{{:Six sense faculties}}
{{:Six sense faculties}}


==7) Life faculty==
The life faculty (Skt. ''jīvitendriya'') controls the remaining in a similar class of [[sentient beings]].


*7) The life faculty controls the remaining in a similar class [of sentient beings].
==8-9) The male and female faculties==
*8-9) The male and female faculties form the respective physical supports [for being male or female] and control the  unbroken continuity of births from a womb.
The
*10-14) The five faculties of the sensations of pleasure, pain, mental pleasure, mental pain, and of neutral sensation control the experiences of the fully ripened results [of [[karma]]].
*male sexual faculty (Skt. ''puruṣendriya'') and
*15-19) The five faculties of [[faith]], [[diligence]], recollection, concentration, and discrimination control the mundane virtues or the purity [of detachment].
*female sexual faculty (Skt. ''strīndriya'')
*20-22) The  faculties  of 'making all understood', of 'understanding all,' and of ‘having understood all' consist of faith and so forth in the stream-of-being of, [respectively, someone on the paths of] seeing, cultivation, and no-training. They control the supramundane purities [of noble beings].
form the respective physical supports for being male or female, are the basis for sexual pleasure, and control the  unbroken continuity of births from a womb.


Faculties are therefore called controlling faculties.
==10-14) The [[five faculties of sensations]]==
The five faculties of sensations control the experiences of the fully ripened results of [[karma]]. They are:
{{:five faculties of feelings}}


==Notes==
==15-19) The [[five faculties that control mundane virtues]]==
These faculties control the mundane virtues or the purity of detachment. They are:
{{:five spiritual faculties}}
 
==20-22) The [[three pure faculties that control supramundane virtues]]==
The three pure faculties that control supramundane virtues of [[noble being]]s are:
{{:three pure faculties that control supramundane virtues}}
 
==Other Divisions==
*The first five sense faculties (1-5) and the male and female faculties (8-9) are '''form faculties'''.
*Mental faculty is '''[[main mind]]'''.
*The five faculties of sensations (10-14) and the five faculties that control mundane virtues (15-19) are '''[[mental states]]'''.
*Life faculty (7) is a formation that belongs '''neither to mind nor form'''.
*The three pure faculties that control supramundane virtues (20-22) belong to '''mind and mental states'''.
 
==References==
<small><references/></small>
<small><references/></small>
==Further Reading==
*[[Mipham Rinpoche]], ''[[Gateway to Knowledge]], vol. I'' (Hong Kong: Rangjung Yeshe Publications, 1984 & 1997), Ch. 6 'The Faculties, Indriya'


==Internal Links==
==Internal Links==
*[[Five sense faculties]]
*[[Six sense faculties]]
*[[Five spiritual faculties]]
*[[Five faculties of feelings]]
*[[Twelve ayatanas]]  
*[[Twelve ayatanas]]  


Latest revision as of 07:40, 26 August 2019

According to the Abhidharma teachings, all physical and mental faculties (Skt. indriya; Tib. དབང་པོ་, wangpo, Wyl. dbang po) are encompassed by a list of twenty-two faculties.[1]

1-6) The six sense faculties

These six control the apprehending of their individual objects. They are:

  • Visual faculty (Skt. cakṣurindriya; Tib. མིག་གི་དབང་པོ་, Wyl. mig gi dbang po)
  • Auditory faculty (Skt. śrotrendriya; Tib. རྣ་བའི་དབང་པོ་, Wyl. rna ba’i dbang po)
  • Olfactory faculty (Skt. ghrāṇendriya; Tib. སྣའི་དབང་པོ་, Wyl. sna’i dbang po)
  • Gustatory faculty (Skt. jihvendriya; Tib. ལྕེའི་དབང་པོ་ , Wyl. lce’i dbang po)
  • Tactile faculty (Skt. kāyendriya; Tib. ལུས་ཀྱི་དབང་པོ་, Wyl. lus kyi dbang po)
  • Mental faculty (Skt. manendriya; Tib. ཡིད་ཀྱི་དབང་པོ་, Wyl. yid kyi dbang po)

7) Life faculty

The life faculty (Skt. jīvitendriya) controls the remaining in a similar class of sentient beings.

8-9) The male and female faculties

The

  • male sexual faculty (Skt. puruṣendriya) and
  • female sexual faculty (Skt. strīndriya)

form the respective physical supports for being male or female, are the basis for sexual pleasure, and control the unbroken continuity of births from a womb.

10-14) The five faculties of sensations

The five faculties of sensations control the experiences of the fully ripened results of karma. They are:

  • The faculty of pleasure (Skt. sukhendriyam; Tib. བདེ་བའི་དབང་པོ་, Wyl. bde ba’i dbang po)
  • The faculty of suffering (Skt. duḥkhendriyam; Tib. སྡུག་བསྔལ་གྱི་དབང་པོ་, Wyl. sdug bsngal gyi dbang po)
  • The faculty of mental ease (Skt. saumanasyendriyam; Tib. ཡིད་བདེ་བའི་དབང་པོ་, Wyl. yid bde ba’i dbang po)
  • The faculty of mental discomfort (Skt. daurmanasyendriyam; Tib. ཡིད་མི་བདེ་བའི་དབང་པོ་, Wyl. yid mi bde ba’i dbang po)
  • The faculty of indifference or neutrality (Skt. upekṣendriyam; Tib. བཏང་སྙོམས་ཀྱི་དབང་པོ་, Wyl. btang snyoms kyi dbang po).

15-19) The five faculties that control mundane virtues

These faculties control the mundane virtues or the purity of detachment. They are:

  • The faculty of faith (Skt. śraddhendriyam; Tib. དད་པའི་དབང་པོ་, Wyl. dad pa’i dbang po)
  • The faculty of diligence (Skt. vīryendriyam; Tib. བརྩོན་འགྲུས་ཀྱི་དབང་པོ་, Wyl. brtson ‘grus kyi dbang po)
  • The faculty of mindfulness (Skt. smṛtīndriyam, Tib. དྲན་པའི་དབང་པོ་, Wyl. dran pa’i dbang po)
  • The faculty of concentration (Skt. samādhīndriyam; Tib. ཏིང་ངེ་འཛིན་གྱི་དབང་པོ་, Wyl. ting nge ‘dzin gyi dbang po)
  • The faculty of wisdom (Skt. prajñendriyam; Tib. ཤེས་རབ་ཀྱི་དབང་པོ་, Wyl. shes rab kyi dbang po)

20-22) The three pure faculties that control supramundane virtues

The three pure faculties that control supramundane virtues of noble beings are:

  • the faculty of 'making all understood' (Skt. anājñātamājñāsyāmīndriya; Tib. ཀུན་ཤེས་པར་བྱེད་པའི་དབང་པོ་, Wyl. kun shes par byed pa’i dbang po)
  • the faculty of 'understanding all' (Skt. ajñendriya; Tib. ཀུན་ཤེས་པའི་དབང་པོ་, Wyl. kun shes pa’i dbang po)
  • the faculty of 'having understood all' (Skt. ajñātāvindriya; Tib. ཀུན་ཤེས་པ་དང་ལྡན་པའི་དབང་པོ་, Wyl. kun shes pa dang ldan pa’i dbang po)

These three are correlated to nine of the previous faculties (faith, diligence, mindfulness, concentration, wisdom, pleasure, suffering, mental ease and mental discomfort), of respectively, someone on the paths of seeing, meditation, and no-more-learning.

Other Divisions

  • The first five sense faculties (1-5) and the male and female faculties (8-9) are form faculties.
  • Mental faculty is main mind.
  • The five faculties of sensations (10-14) and the five faculties that control mundane virtues (15-19) are mental states.
  • Life faculty (7) is a formation that belongs neither to mind nor form.
  • The three pure faculties that control supramundane virtues (20-22) belong to mind and mental states.

References

  1. ↑ List based on Mipham Rinpoche’s Khenjuk, Gateway to Knowledge, vol. I (Hong Kong: Rangjung Yeshe Publications, 1984 & 1997), page 67 & Philippe Cornu's article facultés, in Dictionnaire encyclopédique du bouddhisme, nouvelle édition augmentée (Paris: Éditions du Seuil, 2006), page 218.

Further Reading

Internal Links

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