Form realm: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 08:09, 14 September 2023

Mount Meru surrounded by the continents and subcontinents, with the gods of the Desire and Form Realms above

Form realm (Skt. rūpadhātu; Tib. གཟུགས་ཁམས་, zuk kham, Wyl. gzugs khams) — the second of the three realms, only 'populated' by gods and divided into seventeen heavens. The cause for being reborn in one of these heavens is the favourable karma accumulated through the practice of one of the four dhyanas, each 'causal meditative dhyana' acting as a cause of rebirth in one of the corresponding 'resultant dhyana levels'.

Seventeen Heavens of the Form Realm (Skt. rupadhatuvasiñjati; Tib. གཟུགས་ཁམས་གནས་རི་བཅུ་བདུན་, Wyl. gzugs khams gnas ri bcu bdun)

Five Pure Heavens (Tib. གཙང་གནས་ལྔ་, gtsang gnas lnga)

Unexcelled
Extreme Insight/Great Vision (Skt. Sudarśa; Tib. ཤིན་ཏུ་མཐོང་, Wyl. shin tu mthong)
Perfect Appearance/The Marvellous (Skt. Sudṛśa; Tib. གྱ་ནོམ་སྣང་བ་, Wyl. gya nom snang ba)
The Painless/Without Distress (Skt. Atapa; Tib. མི་གདུང་པ་, Wyl. mi gdung pa)
The Slightest/Not So Great (Skt. Abṛha; Tib. མི་ཆེ་བ་, Wyl. mi che ba)

Note: the five pure heavens are also a result of the fourth dhyana meditation, but are only accessible to noble beings.

Fourth Dhyana (Tib. བསམ་གཏན་བཞི་པ་, bsam gtan bzhi pa)

Great Fruition (Skt. Bṛhatphala; Tib. འབྲས་བུ་ཆེ་, ‘bras bu che)
Increasing Merit (Skt. Puṇyaprasava; Tib. བསོད་ནམས་འཕེལ་, bsod nams ‘phel)
Cloudless (Skt. Anabhraka; Tib. སྤྲིན་མེད་, sprin med)

Third Dhyana (Tib. བསམ་གཏན་གསུམ་པ་, bsam gtan gsum pa)

Most Extensive Virtue (Skt. Śubhakṛtsna; Tib. དགེ་རྒྱས་, dge rgyas)
Immeasurable Virtue (Skt. Apramāṇaśubha; Tib. ཚད་མེད་དགེ་, tshad med dge)
Lesser Virtue (Skt. Parīttaśubha; Tib. དགེ་ཆུང་, dge chung)

Second Dhyana (Tib. བསམ་གཏན་གཉིས་པ་, bsam gtan gnyis pa)

Clear Radiance (Skt. Ābhāsvara; Tib. འོད་གསལ་, ‘od gsal)
Immeasurable Radiance (Skt. Apramāṇābha; Tib. ཚད་མེད་འོད་, tshad med ‘od)
Lesser Radiance (Skt. Parīttābha; Tib. འོད་ཆུང་, ‘od chung)

First Dhyana (Tib. བསམ་གཏན་དང་པོ་, bsam gtan dang po)

Great Brahma (Skt. Mahābrahmaṇa; Tib. ཚངས་པ་ཆེན་པོ་, tshangs pa chen po)
Priests of Brahma (Skt. Brahmapurohita; Tib. ཚངས་པ་མདུན་ན་འདོན་, tshangs pa mdun na ‘don)
Heaven of Brahma (Skt. Brahmakāyika; Tib. ཚངས་རིས་, tshangs ris)

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-[[Image:Mount Meru Continents.jpg|frame|Mount Meru surrounded by the continents and subcontinents, with the gods of the Desire and Form Realms above]]'''Form realm''' ([[Wyl.]] ''gzugs khams'') — the second of the [[three realms]], only 'populated' by [[gods]] and divided into seventeen heavens.
+[[Image:Mount Meru Continents.jpg|frame|Mount Meru surrounded by the continents and subcontinents, with the gods of the Desire and Form Realms above]]'''Form realm''' (Skt. ''rūpadhātu''; Tib. [[གཟུགས་ཁམས་]], ''zuk kham'',  [[Wyl.]] ''gzugs khams'') — the second of the [[three realms]], only 'populated' by [[gods]] and divided into seventeen heavens. The cause for being reborn in one of these heavens is the favourable [[karma]] accumulated through the practice of one of the [[four dhyanas]], each 'causal meditative [[dhyana]]' acting as a cause of rebirth in one of the corresponding 'resultant dhyana levels'.
-==Seventeen Heavens of the Form Realm (''gzugs khams gnas ri bcu bdun'')==
+==Seventeen Heavens of the Form Realm (Skt. ''rupadhatuvasiñjati''; Tib. [[གཟུགས་ཁམས་གནས་རི་བཅུ་བདུན་]], Wyl. ''gzugs khams gnas ri bcu bdun'')==
-===Five Pure Heavens (''gtsang gnas lnga'')===
+===Five Pure Heavens (Tib. [[གཙང་གནས་ལྔ་]], ''gtsang gnas lnga'')===
+{{:Five Pure Heavens}}
-#[[Akanishtha]]/Unexcelled (''‘og min'')
+''Note'': the five pure heavens are also a result of the fourth dhyana meditation, but are only accessible to [[arya|noble beings]].
-#Extreme Insight/Great Vision (''shin tu mthong'')
-#Perfect Appearance/The Marvellous (''gya nom snang ba'')
-#The Painless/Without Distress (''mi gdung pa'')
-#The Slightest/Not So Great (''mi che ba'')
-===Fourth [[Dhyana]] (''bsam gtan bzhi pa'')===
+===Fourth Dhyana (Tib. [[བསམ་གཏན་བཞི་པ་]], ''bsam gtan bzhi pa'')===
+*[[Great Fruition]] (Skt. ''Bṛhatphala''; Tib. [[འབྲས་བུ་ཆེ་]], ''‘bras bu che'')
+*Increasing Merit (Skt. ''Puṇyaprasava''; Tib. [[བསོད་ནམས་འཕེལ་]], ''bsod nams ‘phel'')
+*Cloudless (Skt. ''Anabhraka''; Tib. [[སྤྲིན་མེད་]], ''sprin med'')
-*Great Fruition (''‘bras bu che'')
+===Third Dhyana (Tib. [[བསམ་གཏན་གསུམ་པ་]], ''bsam gtan gsum pa'')===
-*Increasing Merit (''bsod nams ‘phel'')
-*Cloudless (''sprin med'')
-===Third Dhyana (''bsam gtan gsum pa'')===
+*Most Extensive Virtue (Skt. ''Śubhakṛtsna''; Tib. [[དགེ་རྒྱས་]], ''dge rgyas'')
+*Immeasurable Virtue (Skt. ''Apramāṇaśubha''; Tib. [[ཚད་མེད་དགེ་]], ''tshad med dge'')
+*Lesser Virtue (Skt. ''Parīttaśubha''; Tib. [[དགེ་ཆུང་]], ''dge chung'')
-*Most Extensive Virtue (''dge rgyas'')
+===Second Dhyana (Tib. [[བསམ་གཏན་གཉིས་པ་]], ''bsam gtan gnyis pa'')===
-*Immeasurable Virtue (''tshad med dge'')
-*Lesser Virtue (''dge chung'')
-===Second Dhyana (''bsam gtan gnyis pa'')===
+*Clear Radiance (Skt. ''Ābhāsvara''; Tib. [[འོད་གསལ་]], ''‘od gsal'')
+*Immeasurable Radiance (Skt. ''Apramāṇābha''; Tib. [[ཚད་མེད་འོད་]], ''tshad med ‘od'')
+*Lesser Radiance (Skt. ''Parīttābha''; Tib. [[འོད་ཆུང་]], ''‘od chung'')
-*Clear Radiance (''‘od gsal'')
+===First Dhyana (Tib. [[བསམ་གཏན་དང་པོ་]], ''bsam gtan dang po'')===
-*Immeasurable Radiance (''tshad med ‘od'')
+*Great Brahma (Skt. ''Mahābrahmaṇa''; Tib. [[ཚངས་པ་ཆེན་པོ་]], ''tshangs pa chen po'')
-*Lesser Radiance (''‘od chung'')
+*Priests of Brahma (Skt. ''Brahmapurohita''; Tib. [[ཚངས་པ་མདུན་ན་འདོན་]], ''tshangs pa mdun na ‘don'')
+*[[Heaven of Brahma]] (Skt. ''Brahmakāyika''; Tib. [[ཚངས་རིས་]], ''tshangs ris'')
-===First Dhyana (''bsam gtan dang po'')===
-*Great Brahma (''tshangs pa chen po'')
-*Priests of Brahma (''tshangs pa mdun na ‘don'')
-*Heaven of Brahma (''tshangs ris'')
 [[Category:Key Terms]]
 [[Category:Places]]
+[[Category:Three Realms of Samsara]]
+[[Category:God Realm]]
+[[Category:Form realm| ]]