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[[Image:Trisong Deutsen.jpg|frame|'''King Trisong Detsen''']] | [[Image:Trisong Deutsen.jpg|frame|'''King Trisong Detsen''']] | ||
'''King Trisong Detsen''' ([[Wyl.]] ''khri srong lde btsan'') or '''Trisong Deutsen''' (''khri srong lde'u btsan'') (742-c.800/755-797 according to the Chinese sources) – the thirty-eighth king of Tibet, second of the [[three great religious kings]] and one of the main disciples of [[Guru Rinpoche]]. It was due to his efforts that the great masters [[Shantarakshita]] and Guru Padmasambhava came from India and established Buddhism firmly in Tibet. | '''King Trisong Detsen''' (Tib. [[ཁྲི་སྲོང་ལྡེ་བཙན་]], [[Wyl.]] ''khri srong lde btsan'') or '''Trisong Deutsen''' ([[ཁྲི་སྲོང་ལྡེའུ་བཙན་]], ''khri srong lde'u btsan'') (742-c.800/755-797 according to the Chinese sources) – the thirty-eighth king of Tibet, second of the [[three great religious kings]] and one of the main disciples of [[Guru Rinpoche]]. It was due to his efforts that the great masters [[Shantarakshita]] and Guru Padmasambhava came from India and established Buddhism firmly in Tibet. | ||
==The Wives of Trisong Detsen== | ==The Wives of Trisong Detsen== | ||
*Lhamo Tsen (''lha mo btsan'') from the Chim (''mchims'') clan | *Lhamo Tsen (ལྷ་མོ་བཙན་, ''lha mo btsan'') from the Chim (མཆིམས, ''mchims'') clan | ||
*Changchub Drön (''byang chub sgron'') from the Dro (''<nowiki>'</nowiki>bro'') clan | *Changchub Drön (འབྱང་ཆུབ་སྒྲོན་, ''byang chub sgron'') from the Dro (འབྲོ་, ''<nowiki>'</nowiki>bro'') clan | ||
*Gyalmo Tsün (''rgyal mo btsun'') from the Phoyong family | *Gyalmo Tsün (རྒྱལ་མོ་བཙུན་, ''rgyal mo btsun'') from the Phoyong family | ||
*Magyal Tsokarma (''rma rgyal mtsho skar ma'') from the Tsepong (''tshe spong'') clan | *Magyal Tsokarma (རྨ་རྒྱལ་མཚོ་སྐར་མ་, ''rma rgyal mtsho skar ma'') from the Tsepong (ཚེ་སྤོང་, ''tshe spong'') clan | ||
*[[Yeshe Tsogyal]] from the Kharchen (''mkhar chen'') family<ref>Ancient Tibet, p.283</ref> | *[[Yeshe Tsogyal]] from the Kharchen (མཁར་ཆེན, ''mkhar chen'') family<ref>Ancient Tibet, p.283</ref> | ||
==The Sons of Trisong Detsen== | ==The Sons of Trisong Detsen== | ||
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According to Erik Haarh<ref>And historic sources such as ''The Red Annals'' and ''The Banquet for the Wise''.</ref>, he had four sons: | According to Erik Haarh<ref>And historic sources such as ''The Red Annals'' and ''The Banquet for the Wise''.</ref>, he had four sons: | ||
*[[Mutri Tsenpo]] (''mu khri btsan po''), | *[[Mutri Tsenpo]] (མུ་ཁྲི་བཙན་པོ་, ''mu khri btsan po''), | ||
*[[Mune Tsenpo]] (''mu ne btsan po''), | *[[Mune Tsenpo]] (མུ་ནེ་བཙན་པོ་, ''mu ne btsan po''), | ||
*[[Murub Tsenpo|Muruk Tsenpo]] (''mu rug btsan po'') and | *[[Murub Tsenpo|Muruk Tsenpo]] (མུ་རུག་བཙན་པོ, ''mu rug btsan po'') and | ||
*[[Mutik Tsenpo]] (''mu tig btsan po'') who became known as Tridé Songtsen (''khri lde srong btsan'') or Senalek (''sad na legs''). | *[[Mutik Tsenpo]] (མུ་ཏིག་བཙན་པོ, ''mu tig btsan po'') who became known as Tridé Songtsen (ཁྲི་ལྡེ་སྲོང་བཙན་, ''khri lde srong btsan'') or Senalek (སད་ན་ལེགས, ''sad na legs''). | ||
The situation is made more complex because later Tibetan sources use several of these names interchangeably. <ref>See Brandon Dotson, “Emperor” Mu rug btsan and the ’Phang thang ma Catalogue, JIATS vol. 3, 2007, for a summary of Haarh's research.</ref> | The situation is made more complex because later Tibetan sources use several of these names interchangeably. <ref>See Brandon Dotson, “Emperor” Mu rug btsan and the ’Phang thang ma Catalogue, JIATS vol. 3, 2007, for a summary of Haarh's research.</ref> | ||
In ''Ancient Tibet'' <ref>''Ancient Tibet'', Dharma Publishing, 1986, page 283</ref>, it says that there were three sons: | In ''Ancient Tibet'' <ref>''Ancient Tibet'', Dharma Publishing, 1986, page 283</ref>, it says that there were three sons: | ||
*[[Mune Tsenpo]], | *[[Mune Tsenpo]], | ||
*Desong (''lde srong'') aka Senalek, and | *Desong (ལྡེ་སྲོང་, ''lde srong'') aka Senalek, and | ||
*the third son, who is called both Murug and Mutik. | *the third son, who is called both Murug and Mutik. | ||
According to [[Dudjom Rinpoche]]'s ''History of the Dharma'' (Wyl. ''bdud 'joms chos 'jung''), King Trisong Detsen had three sons: | According to [[Dudjom Rinpoche]]'s ''History of the Dharma'' (བདུད་འཇོམས་ཆོས་འཇུང་, Wyl. ''bdud 'joms chos 'jung''), King Trisong Detsen had three sons: | ||
*the eldest was named [[Mune Tsepo]], | *the eldest was named [[Mune Tsepo]], | ||
*the middle one [[Murup Tsepo]], and | *the middle one [[Murup Tsepo]], and | ||
Revision as of 11:03, 29 March 2011
King Trisong Detsen (Tib. ཁྲི་སྲོང་ལྡེ་བཙན་, Wyl. khri srong lde btsan) or Trisong Deutsen (ཁྲི་སྲོང་ལྡེའུ་བཙན་, khri srong lde'u btsan) (742-c.800/755-797 according to the Chinese sources) – the thirty-eighth king of Tibet, second of the three great religious kings and one of the main disciples of Guru Rinpoche. It was due to his efforts that the great masters Shantarakshita and Guru Padmasambhava came from India and established Buddhism firmly in Tibet.
The Wives of Trisong Detsen
- Lhamo Tsen (ལྷ་མོ་བཙན་, lha mo btsan) from the Chim (མཆིམས, mchims) clan
- Changchub Drön (འབྱང་ཆུབ་སྒྲོན་, byang chub sgron) from the Dro (འབྲོ་, 'bro) clan
- Gyalmo Tsün (རྒྱལ་མོ་བཙུན་, rgyal mo btsun) from the Phoyong family
- Magyal Tsokarma (རྨ་རྒྱལ་མཚོ་སྐར་མ་, rma rgyal mtsho skar ma) from the Tsepong (ཚེ་སྤོང་, tshe spong) clan
- Yeshe Tsogyal from the Kharchen (མཁར་ཆེན, mkhar chen) family[1]
The Sons of Trisong Detsen
There is some confusion in the various histories regarding the number and the names of Trisong Detsen's sons.
According to Erik Haarh[2], he had four sons:
- Mutri Tsenpo (མུ་ཁྲི་བཙན་པོ་, mu khri btsan po),
- Mune Tsenpo (མུ་ནེ་བཙན་པོ་, mu ne btsan po),
- Muruk Tsenpo (མུ་རུག་བཙན་པོ, mu rug btsan po) and
- Mutik Tsenpo (མུ་ཏིག་བཙན་པོ, mu tig btsan po) who became known as Tridé Songtsen (ཁྲི་ལྡེ་སྲོང་བཙན་, khri lde srong btsan) or Senalek (སད་ན་ལེགས, sad na legs).
The situation is made more complex because later Tibetan sources use several of these names interchangeably. [3]
In Ancient Tibet [4], it says that there were three sons:
- Mune Tsenpo,
- Desong (ལྡེ་སྲོང་, lde srong) aka Senalek, and
- the third son, who is called both Murug and Mutik.
According to Dudjom Rinpoche's History of the Dharma (བདུད་འཇོམས་ཆོས་འཇུང་, Wyl. bdud 'joms chos 'jung), King Trisong Detsen had three sons:
- the eldest was named Mune Tsepo,
- the middle one Murup Tsepo, and
- the youngest Mutik Tsepo, or Senalek Jingyön.
The Daughter of Trisong Detsen
- Princess Pema Sel first died at the age of eight, but was brought back to life by Guru Rinpoche, and entrusted with the complete Khandro Nyingtik cycle by Guru Rinpoche. She was later reborn as the tertön Pema Lédrel Tsal, who revealed this terma cycle of teachings.
