Four Noble Truths: Difference between revisions
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==Further Reading== | ==Further Reading== | ||
*[[Chögyam Trungpa]], ''The Truth of Suffering and the Path of Liberation'' (Shambhala, 2009) | *[[Chögyam Trungpa]], ''The Truth of Suffering and the Path of Liberation'' (Shambhala, 2009) | ||
*[[The Dalai Lama]], His Holiness, ''Buddha Heart, Buddha Mind: Living the Four Noble Truths'' (The Crossroad Publishing Company, 2000) | |||
*[[The Dalai Lama]], ''Kindness, Clarity and Insight'' (Snow Lion Publications, 2006), pages 29-34 | |||
*[[The Dalai Lama]], ''Lighting the Way'' (Snow Lion Publications, 2004), Chapter 1 | |||
*[[The Dalai Lama]], ''The Four Noble Truths'' (Thorsons, 1998) | *[[The Dalai Lama]], ''The Four Noble Truths'' (Thorsons, 1998) | ||
*[[Geshe Tashi Tsering]], ''The Four Noble Truths'' (Wisdom, 2005) | *[[Geshe Tashi Tsering]], ''The Four Noble Truths'' (Wisdom, 2005) | ||
*[[Jamgön Mipham Rinpoche]], ''Gateway to Knowledge, VOL II'' (Hong Kong, Boudhanath & Esby: Rangjung Yeshe Publications, 2000) | *[[Jamgön Mipham Rinpoche]], ''Gateway to Knowledge, VOL II'' (Hong Kong, Boudhanath & Esby: Rangjung Yeshe Publications, 2000) | ||
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*[[Mingyur Rinpoche]], ''Joyful Wisdom'' | *[[Mingyur Rinpoche]], ''Joyful Wisdom'' | ||
*[[Ringu Tulku]], ''Daring Steps Towards Fearlessness: The Three Vehicles of Buddhism'', Snow Lion, 2005 | *[[Ringu Tulku]], ''Daring Steps Towards Fearlessness: The Three Vehicles of Buddhism'', Snow Lion, 2005 | ||
*[[Samdhong Rinpoche]], ''Uncompromising Truth for a Compromised World'', (World Wisdom, 2006), pages 182-188 | |||
*[[Thich Nhat Hanh]], ''The Heart of the Buddha's Teaching'' (Broadway Books, 1999) | *[[Thich Nhat Hanh]], ''The Heart of the Buddha's Teaching'' (Broadway Books, 1999) | ||
*[[Thrangu Rinpoche]], The Venerable Khenchen, ''The Life of the Buddha and the Four Noble Truths'' (Namo Buddha Publications, Boulder 2001) | *[[Thrangu Rinpoche]], The Venerable Khenchen, ''The Life of the Buddha and the Four Noble Truths'' (Namo Buddha Publications, Boulder 2001) | ||
Revision as of 09:42, 25 March 2013
The Four Noble Truths (Skt. catvāryāryasatyā; Tib. འཕགས་པའི་བདེན་པ་བཞི་, pakpé denpa shyi; Wyl. 'phags pa'i bden pa bzhi) or the Four Realities of the Aryas, were taught by Buddha Shakyamuni as the central theme of the so-called first turning of the wheel of the Dharma after his attainment of enlightenment. They are:
- the truth (or reality) of suffering (Tib. སྡུག་བསྔལ་གྱི་བདེན་པ་, Skt. duḥkha-satya) which is to be understood,
- the truth (or reality) of the origin of suffering (Tib. ཀུན་འབྱུང་བའི་བདེན་པ་, Skt. samudaya-satya), which is to be abandoned,
- the truth (or reality) of cessation (Tib. འགོག་པའི་བདེན་པ་, Skt. nirodha-satya), which is to be actualized, and
- the truth (or reality) of the path (Tib. ལམ་གྱི་བདེན་པ་, Skt. mārga-satya), which is to be relied upon.[1]
Cause & Effect
The four truths can be divided into two pairs of cause and effect, known as the cause and effect of 'thorough affliction' (Skt. saṃkliṣṭa; Tib. ཀུན་ཉོན་, Wyl. kun nyon) or samsara, and the cause and effect of 'complete purification' (Skt. vyavadāna; Tib. རྣམ་བྱང་, Wyl. rnam byang) or nirvana.
Sixteen Aspects of the Four Noble Truths
Suffering
1. Suffering (Skt. duḥkha; Tib. སྡུག་བསྔལ་བ་)
2. Impermanence (Skt. anitya; Tib. མི་རྟག་པ་)
3. Emptiness (Skt. śūnyatā; Tib. སྟོང་པ་ཉིད་)
4. Selflessness (Skt. anātmaka; Tib. བདག་མེད་པ་)
Origination
5. Cause (Skt. hetu; Tib. རྒྱུ་)
6. Origination (Skt.samudaya; Tib. ཀུན་འབྱུང་)
7. Intense Arising (Skt. prabhava; Tib. རབ་སྐྱེ་)
8. Condition (Skt. pratyaya; Tib. རྐྱེན་)
Cessation
9. Peace (Skt. śānta; Tib. ཞི་བ་)
10. Cessation (Skt. nirodha; Tib. འགོག་པ་)
11. Perfection (Skt. praṇīta; Tib. གྱ་ནོམ་པ་)
12. True Deliverance (Skt. niḥsaraṇa; Tib. ངེས་འབྱུང་, Wyl. nges 'byung)
Path
13. Path (Skt. mārga; Tib. ལམ་)
14. Appropriate (Skt. nyāya; Tib. རིགས་པ་)
15. Effective (Skt. pratipatti; Tib. སྒྲུབ་པ་)
16. Truly Delivering (Skt. nairyāṇika; Tib. ངེས་འབྱིན་)
Oral Teachings Given to the Rigpa Sangha
- His Holiness Sakya Trizin, Paris, 14 September 1996
Further Reading
- Chögyam Trungpa, The Truth of Suffering and the Path of Liberation (Shambhala, 2009)
- The Dalai Lama, His Holiness, Buddha Heart, Buddha Mind: Living the Four Noble Truths (The Crossroad Publishing Company, 2000)
- The Dalai Lama, Kindness, Clarity and Insight (Snow Lion Publications, 2006), pages 29-34
- The Dalai Lama, Lighting the Way (Snow Lion Publications, 2004), Chapter 1
- The Dalai Lama, The Four Noble Truths (Thorsons, 1998)
- Geshe Tashi Tsering, The Four Noble Truths (Wisdom, 2005)
- Jamgön Mipham Rinpoche, Gateway to Knowledge, VOL II (Hong Kong, Boudhanath & Esby: Rangjung Yeshe Publications, 2000)
- Jamyang Drakpa, 'Appendix 2' of The Light of Wisdom, Volume 1 (Rangjung Yeshe Publications, 1999)
- Kangyur Rinpoche, Treasury of Precious Qualities (Boston & London: Shambhala, 2001), pages 67-84 & 'Appendix 3'.
- Mingyur Rinpoche, Joyful Wisdom
- Ringu Tulku, Daring Steps Towards Fearlessness: The Three Vehicles of Buddhism, Snow Lion, 2005
- Samdhong Rinpoche, Uncompromising Truth for a Compromised World, (World Wisdom, 2006), pages 182-188
- Thich Nhat Hanh, The Heart of the Buddha's Teaching (Broadway Books, 1999)
- Thrangu Rinpoche, The Venerable Khenchen, The Life of the Buddha and the Four Noble Truths (Namo Buddha Publications, Boulder 2001)
Notes
- ↑ ནད་ནི་ཤེས་བྱ་ནད་ཀྱི་རྒྱུ་ནི་སྤང་བྱ་ལ། །
བདེ་གནས་ཐོབ་བྱ་སྨན་ནི་བསྟེན་པར་བྱ་བ་ལྟར། །
ཤེས་བྱ་སྤང་བྱ་རིག་པར་བྱ་ཞིང་བསྟེན་པར་བྱ། །
སྡུག་བསྔལ་རྒྱུ་དང་དེ་འགོག་པ་དང་དེ་བཞིན་ལམ། །
Illness must be understood, its causes eliminated,
Wellbeing must be attained, and medicine taken.
Likewise, suffering, its causes, their cessation and the path
Must in turn be understood, eliminated, realized and relied upon.
- Maitreya, Sublime Continuum, IV, 55
