Three natures: Difference between revisions
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*Karr, Andy. ''Contemplating Reality'' (Boston: Shambala Publications, 2007), Chapter 9 | *Karr, Andy. ''Contemplating Reality'' (Boston: Shambala Publications, 2007), Chapter 9 | ||
[[Category:Philosophical Tenets]] | [[Category:Philosophical Tenets]] | ||
Revision as of 21:02, 7 November 2020
Three natures (Skt. trilakṣana or trisvabhāva; Tib. མཚན་ཉིད་གསུམ, tsennyi sum, or རང་བཞིན་གསུམ་, rangshyin sum; Wyl. mtshan nyid gsum or rang bzhin gsum) — the three categories into which the followers of the Mind Only school divide all phenomena:
- Imputed (Skt. parikalpita; Tib. ཀུན་བརྟགས་, Wyl. kun btags)
- Dependent (Skt. paratantra; Tib. གཞན་དབང་, Wyl. gzhan dbang)
- Truly Existent (Skt. pariniṣpanna; Tib. ཡོངས་གྲུབ་, Wyl. yongs grub)
Alternative Translations
- Imaginary, Other-dependent & Perfect (Karl Brunnhölzl)
- Imagined, Other-dependent & Consummate (Jay L. Garfield)
- Imputation, Dependence & the Absolute (Lama Chökyi Nyima)
Canonical Literature
- Samdhinirmochana Sutra, chapter 6
- Treatise on the Three Natures by Vasubandhu
Further Reading
- Garfield, Jay L. 'Vasubandhu's Treatise on the Three Natures' in Empty Words: Buddhist Philosophy and Cross-Cultural Interpretation, Oxford University Press, 2002
- Karr, Andy. Contemplating Reality (Boston: Shambala Publications, 2007), Chapter 9