Three natures: Difference between revisions
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'''Three natures''' (Skt. ''trisvabhāva''; Tib. མཚན་ཉིད་གསུམ, རང་བཞིན་གསུམ་, [[Wyl.]] ''mtshan nyid gsum'' or ''rang bzhin gsum'') — the three categories into which the followers of the [[Mind Only]] school divide all phenomena: | '''Three natures''' (Skt. ''trisvabhāva''; Tib. མཚན་ཉིད་གསུམ, རང་བཞིན་གསུམ་, [[Wyl.]] ''mtshan nyid gsum'' or ''rang bzhin gsum'') — the three categories into which the followers of the [[Mind Only]] school divide all phenomena: | ||
#'''Imputed''' (Skt. Parikalpita; Tib. [[ཀུན་བརྟགས་]], [[Wyl.]] ''kun btags'') | #'''[[Imputed nature|Imputed]]''' (Skt. Parikalpita; Tib. [[ཀུན་བརྟགས་]], [[Wyl.]] ''kun btags'') | ||
#'''Dependent''' (Skt. Paratantra; Tib. [[གཞན་དབང་]], [[Wyl.]] ''gzhan dbang'') | #'''[[Dependent nature|Dependent]]''' (Skt. Paratantra; Tib. [[གཞན་དབང་]], [[Wyl.]] ''gzhan dbang'') | ||
#'''Truly Existent''' (Skt. Pariniṣpanna; Tib. [[ཡོངས་གྲུབ་]], [[Wyl.]] ''yongs grub'') | #'''[[Truly existent nature|Truly Existent]]''' (Skt. Pariniṣpanna; Tib. [[ཡོངས་གྲུབ་]], [[Wyl.]] ''yongs grub'') | ||
==Alternative Translations== | ==Alternative Translations== | ||
Revision as of 15:02, 18 December 2015
Three natures (Skt. trisvabhāva; Tib. མཚན་ཉིད་གསུམ, རང་བཞིན་གསུམ་, Wyl. mtshan nyid gsum or rang bzhin gsum) — the three categories into which the followers of the Mind Only school divide all phenomena:
- Imputed (Skt. Parikalpita; Tib. ཀུན་བརྟགས་, Wyl. kun btags)
- Dependent (Skt. Paratantra; Tib. གཞན་དབང་, Wyl. gzhan dbang)
- Truly Existent (Skt. Pariniṣpanna; Tib. ཡོངས་གྲུབ་, Wyl. yongs grub)
Alternative Translations
- Imaginary, Other-dependent & Perfect (Karl Brunnhölzl)
- Imagined, Other-dependent & Consummate (Jay L. Garfield)
- Imputation, Dependence & the Absolute (Lama Chökyi Nyima)
Further Reading
- Jay L. Garfield, 'Vasubandhu's Treatise on the Three Natures' in Empty Words: Buddhist Philosophy and Cross-Cultural Interpretation, Oxford University Press, 2002