Four seals

Four Seals (wyl. sdom bzhi) or the 'four hallmarks of the Buddha's teachings' (wyl. lta ba bka' rtags kyi phyag rgya bzhi). They are:

All that is conditioned is impermanent,

All that is defiling is suffering,

Nirvana is peace,

All phenomena are empty and devoid of self.

Commentary

These are said to be the hallmark of the Buddha’s teaching, and it is often said that the mark of a real buddhist is that he or she accepts these four. Of course, taking refuge is the real entrance to the buddhist path, and that which serves to distinguish buddhists from non-buddhists, but in terms of the View, these four statements encapsulate the uniqueness of the Buddha’s teachings and really set the Buddhadharma apart from all other religions and philosophies.

Further Reading

• Chökyi Nyima Rinpoche, Indisputable Truth, Rangjung Yeshe
• Dalai Lama, The World of Tibetan Buddhism, Wisdom Publications, 1995
• Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche, What Makes You Not a Buddhist, Shambhala 2007
• Mipham Rinpoche, Gateway to Knowledge volume four, Rangjung Yeshe