Three sets of vows: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:NgariPanchenweb.jpg|frame|[[Ngari Panchen]]]] | [[Image:NgariPanchenweb.jpg|frame|[[Ngari Panchen]]]] | ||
The '''three sets of vows''' (Skt. ''trisaṃvara''; Tib. ''dom sum''; [[Wyl.]] ''sdom gsum'') are: | The '''three sets of vows''' (Skt. ''trisaṃvara''; Tib. སྡོམ་གསུམ་, ''dom sum''; [[Wyl.]] ''sdom gsum'') are: | ||
#the [[pratimoksha vows|vows of pratimoksha]] or of individual liberation (Tib. ''sotar gyi dompa''); | #the [[pratimoksha vows|vows of pratimoksha]] or of individual liberation (Tib. སོ་ཐར་གྱི་སྡོམ་པ་, ''sotar gyi dompa''); | ||
#the [[bodhisattva vow]]s (Tib. ''changchub sempé dompa''); <br> | #the [[bodhisattva vow]]s (Tib. བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའི་སྡོམ་པ་, ''changchub sempé dompa''); <br> | ||
#the [[samaya]]s of the secret mantrayana (Tib. ''sang ngag kyi dompa''). | #the [[samaya]]s of the secret mantrayana (Tib. གསང་སྔགས་ཀྱི་སྡོམ་པ་, ''sang ngag kyi dompa''). | ||
An alternative list is: | An alternative list is: | ||
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*[[Ngari Panchen Pema Wangyal]], ''[[Ascertainment of the Three Types of Vows]]'' | *[[Ngari Panchen Pema Wangyal]], ''[[Ascertainment of the Three Types of Vows]]'' | ||
*[[Sakya Pandita]], ''[[Clear Differentiation of the Three Sets of Vows]]'' | *[[Sakya Pandita]], ''[[Clear Differentiation of the Three Sets of Vows]]'' | ||
==Tibetan Text== | |||
* {{TBRCW|O1JT2627|O1JT26272JT1727$W19229|རང་བཞིན་རྫོགས་པ་ཆེན་པོའི་ལམ་གྱི་ཆ་ལག་སྡོམ་པ་གསུམ་རྣམ་པར་ངེས་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བའི་བསྟན་བཅོས།, ''rang bzhin rdzogs pa chen po'i lam gyi cha lag sdom pa gsum rnam par nges pa zhes bya ba'i bstan bcos/''}}, ''dom sum nam ngé'', Ascertainment of the three vows. | |||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
Revision as of 10:11, 3 June 2011
The three sets of vows (Skt. trisaṃvara; Tib. སྡོམ་གསུམ་, dom sum; Wyl. sdom gsum) are:
- the vows of pratimoksha or of individual liberation (Tib. སོ་ཐར་གྱི་སྡོམ་པ་, sotar gyi dompa);
- the bodhisattva vows (Tib. བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའི་སྡོམ་པ་, changchub sempé dompa);
- the samayas of the secret mantrayana (Tib. གསང་སྔགས་ཀྱི་སྡོམ་པ་, sang ngag kyi dompa).
An alternative list is:
- The vows of pratimoksha;
- the dhyana vows; and
- the vows of undefilement.
Essence of the Vows
Dudjom Rinpoche said:
- To abandon entirely all negative intentions and actions of body, speech and mind that might cause harm to others is the essence of the pratimoksha, or vows of individual liberation.
- To practise wholeheartedly all types of virtue that bring benefit to others is the essence of the bodhisattva's vows.
- At the root of these two is taming one's own unruly mind by means of mindfulness, vigilance and conscientiousness, and training oneself to recognize the all-encompassing purity of appearance and existence. This is the essence of the vows of secret mantra.[1]
Major Texts
- Ngari Panchen Pema Wangyal, Ascertainment of the Three Types of Vows
- Sakya Pandita, Clear Differentiation of the Three Sets of Vows
Tibetan Text
རང་བཞིན་རྫོགས་པ་ཆེན་པོའི་ལམ་གྱི་ཆ་ལག་སྡོམ་པ་གསུམ་རྣམ་པར་ངེས་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བའི་བསྟན་བཅོས།, rang bzhin rdzogs pa chen po'i lam gyi cha lag sdom pa gsum rnam par nges pa zhes bya ba'i bstan bcos/, dom sum nam ngé, Ascertainment of the three vows.
Notes
Further Reading
- Geshe Sonam Rinchen, The Bodhisattva Vow, translated and edited by Ruth Sonam, Ithaca: Snow Lion, 2000
- Jamgön Kongtrul Rinpoche, The Treasury of Knowledge, Book Five: Buddhist Ethics, Ithaca: Snow Lion, 2003
- Lama Mipham's Commentary to Nagarjuna's Stanzas for a Novice Monk and Tsongkhapa's Essence of the Ocean of Vinaya, translated by Glen H. Mullin and Lobsang Rapgay, Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, 1978
- Ngari Panchen, Perfect Conduct: The Absolute Certainty of the Three Vows with commentary by Dudjom Rinpoche, Boston: Wisdom, 1996
- Sakya Pandita Kunga Gyaltsen, A Clear Differentiation of the Three Codes: Essential Distinctions among the Individual Liberation, Great Vehicle, and Tantric Systems, translated by Jared Rhoton, New York: SUNY, 2002
- Tsongkhapa, Tantric Ethics: An Explanation of the Precepts for Buddhist Vajrayana Practice, translated by Gareth Sparham, Boston: Wisdom, 2005