Five certainties: Difference between revisions
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The '''five certainties''' (Skt. ''pañcaniyata''; [[Wyl.]] ''nges pa lnga'') or '''perfections''' ( | The '''five certainties''' (Skt. ''pañcaniyata''; Tib. ངེས་པ་ལྔ་, ''ngepa nga'', [[Wyl.]] ''nges pa lnga'') or '''perfections''' (ཕུན་སུམ་ཚོགས་པ་ལྔ་, ''pünsum tsokpa nga'', ''phun sum tshogs pa lnga'') are: | ||
#the certain or perfect teacher, | #the certain or perfect teacher, | ||
#the certain or perfect teaching, | #the certain or perfect teaching, | ||
| Line 5: | Line 5: | ||
#the certain or perfect disciples and | #the certain or perfect disciples and | ||
#the certain or perfect time. | #the certain or perfect time. | ||
==Alternative Translations== | |||
*Fivefold certainty (Richard Barron (Chökyi Nyima)) | |||
*Five fully endowed circumstances (Christina Monson) | |||
==Further Reading== | ==Further Reading== | ||
Latest revision as of 12:55, 25 March 2024
The five certainties (Skt. pañcaniyata; Tib. ངེས་པ་ལྔ་, ngepa nga, Wyl. nges pa lnga) or perfections (ཕུན་སུམ་ཚོགས་པ་ལྔ་, pünsum tsokpa nga, phun sum tshogs pa lnga) are:
- the certain or perfect teacher,
- the certain or perfect teaching,
- the certain or perfect place,
- the certain or perfect disciples and
- the certain or perfect time.
Alternative Translations
- Fivefold certainty (Richard Barron (Chökyi Nyima))
- Five fully endowed circumstances (Christina Monson)
Further Reading
- Khenpo Ngawang Pelzang, A Guide to the Words of My Perfect Teacher, translated by Padmakara Translation Group (Boston & London: Shambhala, 2004), pages 32-34.
- Patrul Rinpoche, The Words of My Perfect Teacher (Boston: Shambhala, Revised edition, 1998), pages 9-10.
- Thinley Norbu, The Small Golden Key (Shambhala Publications, 1999), pages 70-72.