Three marks of existence

The three marks of existence (Skt. trilaksaṇa; Wyl. phyag rgya gsum) designate the three characteristics of all conditioned phenomena. They are:

• impermanence (Skt. anitya)
• suffering (Skt. duḥkha)
• selflessness (Skt. anātman)

They can be found in the Pali Canon

Alternative Translations

• the three seals of existence
• the three characteristics of existence

Further Reading

• Dominique Side, Discovering Buddhism (Troubadour Publishing, 2022) Ch 10, pages 144-168

Internal Links

• four seals