Evidence: Difference between revisions
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'''Evidence''' (Skt. ''liṅga''; Tib. [[རྟགས་]], ''tak'', [[Wyl.]] ''rtags'') in [[pramana]] is defined as "something which enables us to know something else".<ref>Note that the technical definition is often given as "[whatever] is arranged as evidence" (''rtags su bkod pa rtags kyi mtshan nyid'')</ref> For example, in the well-known logical argument, the presence of smoke rising over the mountain pass can be the evidence enabling us to know that there is fire behind the mountain. | '''Evidence''' (Skt. ''liṅga''; Tib. [[རྟགས་]], ''tak'', [[Wyl.]] ''rtags'') in [[pramana]] is defined as "something which enables us to know something else".<ref>Note that the technical definition is often given as "[whatever] is arranged as evidence" (Wyl. ''rtags su bkod pa rtags kyi mtshan nyid'')</ref> For example, in the well-known logical argument, the presence of smoke rising over the mountain pass can be the evidence enabling us to know that there is fire behind the mountain. | ||
==Subdivisions== | ==Subdivisions== | ||
Evidence is divided, first of all, into | Evidence is divided, first of all, into | ||
#correct evidence ([[རྟགས་ཡང་དག་]], Wyl. ''rtags yang dag'') in which the [[three modes]] are complete, and | #correct evidence (Tib. [[རྟགས་ཡང་དག་]], Wyl. ''rtags yang dag'') in which the [[three modes]] are complete, and | ||
#incorrect evidence ([[ལྟར་སྣང་]], Wyl. ''ltar snang'') | #incorrect evidence (Tib. [[ལྟར་སྣང་]], Wyl. ''ltar snang'') | ||
Authentic evidence<ref>These are also the three types of reason ([[གཏན་ཚིགས་]], ''gtan tshigs'')</ref> is divided into three types: | Authentic evidence<ref>These are also the three types of reason ([[གཏན་ཚིགས་]], Wyl. ''gtan tshigs'')</ref> is divided into three types: | ||
#Non-observation ([[མི་དམིགས་པ་]], Wyl. ''mi dmigs pa'') | #Non-observation (Tib. [[མི་དམིགས་པ་]], Wyl. ''mi dmigs pa'') | ||
#Nature ([[རང་བཞིན་]], Wyl. ''rang bzhin'') | #Nature (Tib [[རང་བཞིན་]], Wyl. ''rang bzhin'') | ||
#Effect ([[འབྲས་བུ་]], Wyl. ''<nowiki>'</nowiki>bras bu'') | #Effect (Tib [[འབྲས་བུ་]], Wyl. ''<nowiki>'</nowiki>bras bu'') | ||
==Alternative Translations== | ==Alternative Translations== | ||
Latest revision as of 06:27, 3 May 2018
Evidence (Skt. liṅga; Tib. རྟགས་, tak, Wyl. rtags) in pramana is defined as "something which enables us to know something else".[1] For example, in the well-known logical argument, the presence of smoke rising over the mountain pass can be the evidence enabling us to know that there is fire behind the mountain.
Subdivisions
Evidence is divided, first of all, into
- correct evidence (Tib. རྟགས་ཡང་དག་, Wyl. rtags yang dag) in which the three modes are complete, and
- incorrect evidence (Tib. ལྟར་སྣང་, Wyl. ltar snang)
Authentic evidence[2] is divided into three types:
- Non-observation (Tib. མི་དམིགས་པ་, Wyl. mi dmigs pa)
- Nature (Tib རང་བཞིན་, Wyl. rang bzhin)
- Effect (Tib འབྲས་བུ་, Wyl. 'bras bu)
Alternative Translations
- Logical reason (Tillemans)