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The '''thirty-seven factors of enlightenment''' (Skt. ''saptatriṁśa-bodhipakṣa-dharma''; Tib. [[བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་ཕྱོགས་ཀྱི་ཆོས་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་བདུན་]], [[Wyl.]] ''byang chub kyi phyogs kyi chos sum cu rtsa bdun'') are thirty-seven practices undertaken and perfected at specific stages of the first four of the [[five paths]] and present thereafter as qualities of [[enlightenment]].
The '''thirty-seven factors of enlightenment''' (Skt. ''saptatriṁśa-bodhipakṣa-dharma''; Tib. བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་ཕྱོགས་ཀྱི་ཆོས་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་བདུན་, [[Wyl.]] ''byang chub kyi phyogs kyi chos sum cu rtsa bdun''; Pin. ''sanshiqi daopin'') are thirty-seven practices, presented in seven groupings, undertaken and perfected at specific stages of the first four of the [[five paths]] and present thereafter as qualities of [[enlightenment]]. They are found in Buddha's ''[[Mahaparinirvana Sutra]]''.
 
They are as follows:<br>


They are as follows:
* '''1-4:''' {{:four applications of mindfulness}}
* '''1-4:''' {{:four applications of mindfulness}}
* '''5-8:''' {{:four genuine restraints}}
* '''5-8:''' {{:four genuine restraints}}
* '''9-12:''' [[four bases of miraculous powers]]
* '''9-12:''' {{:four bases of miraculous powers}}
* '''13-17:''' [[five powers]]
* '''13-17:''' {{:five powers}}
* '''18-22:''' [[five strengths]]
* '''18-22:''' {{:five strengths}}
* '''23-29:''' [[seven elements for enlightenment]]
* '''23-29:''' {{:seven elements for enlightenment}}
* '''30-37:''' {{:noble eightfold path}}  
* '''30-37:''' {{:noble eightfold path}}  


==Alternative Translations==
==Alternative Translations==
*thirty-seven wings of enlightenment (Dharma Publishing)
*thirty-seven wings of enlightenment (Dharma Publishing)
*thirty-seven factors of awakening (Dharmachakra Translation Committee)


==Further Reading==
==Further Reading==
*[[Kangyur Rinpoche]], ''Treasury of Precious Qualities'' (Boston & London: Shambhala, 2001), 'Appendix 6'.  
*[[Kangyur Rinpoche]], ''Treasury of Precious Qualities'' (Boston & London: Shambhala, 2001), 'Appendix 6'.  


==External Links==
*{{LH|tibetan-masters/patrul-rinpoche/stages-and-path|''A Brief Guide to the Stages and Paths of the Bodhisattvas'' by Patrul Rinpoche}}
[[Category: Paths and Stages]]
[[Category: Enumerations]]
[[Category: Enumerations]]
[[Category:30s-Thirties]]
[[Category: 30s-Thirties]]

Latest revision as of 13:12, 9 July 2022

The thirty-seven factors of enlightenment (Skt. saptatriṁśa-bodhipakṣa-dharma; Tib. བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་ཕྱོགས་ཀྱི་ཆོས་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་བདུན་, Wyl. byang chub kyi phyogs kyi chos sum cu rtsa bdun; Pin. sanshiqi daopin) are thirty-seven practices, presented in seven groupings, undertaken and perfected at specific stages of the first four of the five paths and present thereafter as qualities of enlightenment. They are found in Buddha's Mahaparinirvana Sutra.

They are as follows:

  1. the body (Skt. kāya-smṛtyupasthāna; Tib. ལུས་དྲན་པ་ཉེ་བར་བཞག་, Wyl. lus dran pa nye bar bzhag)
  2. feelings (Skt. vedanā-smṛtyupasthāna; Tib. ཚོར་བ་དྲན་པ་ཉེ་བར་བཞག་, Wyl. tshor dran pa nye bar bzhag)
  3. the mind (Skt. citta-smṛtyupasthāna; Tib. སེམས་དྲན་པ་ཉེ་བར་བཞག་, Wyl. sems dran pa nye bar bzhag)
  4. phenomena (Skt. dharma-smṛtyupasthāna; Tib. ཆོས་དྲན་པ་ཉེ་བར་བཞག་, Wyl. chos dran pa nye bar bzhag)
  • 5-8: Four genuine restraints (Skt. catvāri samyakprahāṇāni; Tib. ཡང་དག་པར་སྤོང་བ་བཞི་, yangdakpar pongwa shyi, Wyl. yang dag par spong ba bzhi)
  1. to avoid generating any negative states that have not arisen (Tib. མི་དགེ་བ་མ་སྐྱེས་པ་མི་བསྐྱེད་པ་, Wyl. mi dge ba ma skyes pa mi bskyed pa)
  2. to abandon negative states that have arisen (Tib. མི་དགེ་བ་སྐྱེས་པ་སྤོངས་བ་, Wyl. mi dge ba skyes pa spongs ba)
  3. to generate virtuous states that have not arisen (Tib. དགེ་བ་མ་སྐྱེས་པ་བསྐྱེད་པ་, Wyl. dge ba ma skyes pa bskyed pa)
  4. not to allow any virtuous states that have arisen to deteriorate and to develop them further (Tib. དགེ་བ་སྐྱེས་པ་སྤེལ་བ་, Wyl. dge ba skyes pa spel ba)
  • 9-12: The four bases of miraculous powers (Skt. caturṛddhipāda; Tib. རྫུ་འཕྲུལ་གྱི་རྐང་པ་བཞི་, dzutrul gyi kangpa shyi, Wyl. rdzu 'phrul gyi rkang pa bzhi)
  1. intention (Skt. canda; Tib. འདུན་པ་, Wyl. 'dun pa)
  2. diligence (Skt. vīrya; Tib. བརྩོན་འགྲུས་, Wyl. brtson 'grus)
  3. attention (Skt. citta; Tib. སེམས་པ་, Wyl. sems pa)
  4. discernment (Skt. mīmāṃsā; Tib. དཔྱོད་པ་, Wyl. dpyod pa)
  1. faith (Skt. śraddhā; Tib. དད་པ་, Wyl. dad pa)
  2. diligence (Skt. vīrya; Tib. བརྩོན་འགྲུས་, Wyl. brtson 'grus)
  3. mindfulness (Skt. smṛti; Tib. དྲན་པ་, Wyl. dran pa)
  4. concentration (Skt. samādhi; Tib. ཏིང་ངེ་འཛིན་, Wyl. ting nge 'dzin)
  5. wisdom (Skt. prajñā; Tib. ཤེས་རབ་, Wyl. shes rab)
  • 18-22: The five strengths (Skt. pañcabala; Tib. སྟོབས་ལྔ་, top nga, Wyl. stobs lnga)
  1. faith (Skt. śraddhā; Tib. དད་པ་, Wyl. dad pa)
  2. diligence (Skt. vīrya; Tib. བརྩོན་འགྲུས་, Wyl. brtson 'grus)
  3. mindfulness (Skt. smṛti; Tib. དྲན་པ་, Wyl. dran pa)
  4. concentration (Skt. samādhi; Tib. ཏིང་ངེ་འཛིན་, Wyl. ting nge 'dzin)
  5. wisdom (Skt. prajñā, Tib. ཤེས་རབ་, Wyl. shes rab)
  • 23-29: Seven elements for enlightenment (Skt. saptabodhyaṅga; Tib. བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་ཡན་ལག་བདུན་, changchup kyi yenlak dün, Wyl. byang chub kyi yan lag bdun)
  1. mindfulness (Skt. smṛti; Tib. དྲན་པ་, Wyl. dran pa)
  2. discernment of phenomena (Skt. dharmapravicaya; Tib. ཆོས་རབ་ཏུ་རྣམ་པར་འབྱེད་པ་, Wyl. chos rab tu rnam par 'byed pa)
  3. diligence (Skt. vīrya; Tib. བརྩོན་འགྲུས་, Wyl. brtson ‘grus)
  4. joy (Skt. prīti; Tib. དགའ་བ་, Wyl. dga' ba)
  5. pliancy (Skt. praśrabdhi; Tib. ཤིན་ཏུ་སྦྱངས་པ་, Wyl. shin tu sbyangs pa)
  6. samadhi (Skt. samādhi; Tib. ཏིང་ངེ་འཛིན་, Wyl. ting nge 'dzin)
  7. equanimity (Skt. upekṣā; Tib. བཏང་སྙོམས་, Wyl. btang snyoms)
  1. correct view (Skt. samyagdṛṣṭi; Tib. ཡང་དག་པའི་ལྟ་བ་, Wyl. yang dag pa'i lta ba)
  2. correct intention (or thought) (Skt. samyaksaṅkalpa; Tib. ཡང་དག་པའི་རྟོག་པ་, Wyl. yang dag pa'i rtog pa)
  3. correct speech (Skt. samyagvāc; Tib. ཡང་དག་པའི་ངག་, Wyl. yang dag pa'i ngag)
  4. correct action (or conduct) (Skt. samyakkarmānta; Tib. ཡང་དག་པའི་ལས་ཀྱི་མཐའ་, Wyl. yang dag pa'i las kyi mtha')
  5. correct livelihood (Skt. samyagājīva; Tib. ཡང་དག་པའི་འཚོ་བ་, Wyl. yang dag pa'i 'tsho ba)
  6. correct effort (Skt. samyagvyāyāma; Tib. ཡང་དག་པའི་རྩོལ་བ་, Wyl. yang dag pa'i rtsol ba)
  7. correct mindfulness (Skt. samyaksmṛti; Tib. ཡང་དག་པའི་དྲན་པ་, Wyl. yang dag pa'i dran pa)
  8. correct concentration (Skt. samyaksamādhi; Tib. ཡང་དག་པའི་ཏིང་ངེ་འཛིན་, Wyl. yang dag pa'i ting nge 'dzin)

Alternative Translations

  • thirty-seven wings of enlightenment (Dharma Publishing)
  • thirty-seven factors of awakening (Dharmachakra Translation Committee)

Further Reading

  • Kangyur Rinpoche, Treasury of Precious Qualities (Boston & London: Shambhala, 2001), 'Appendix 6'.

External Links

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