Vimalakirti Nirdesha Sutra

Vimalakirti Nirdesha Sutra (Skt. Vimalakīrti-nirdeśa-sūtra; Tib. དྲི་མེད་གྲགས་པས་བསྟན་པའི་མདོ་, Wyl. 'dri med grags pas bstan pa'i mdo) (Toh. 176) — a popular Mahayana sutra featuring the lay bodhisattva Vimalakirti.

Sanskrit Text

No text was apparent in India until after Nagarjuna (c. first century B.C. to first century A.D.) had revived the Mahayana traditions, discovering the Mahayana Sanskrit sutras, the Vimalakirti text among them.

In more recent times, it was thought that all Sanskrit texts of the work had been lost, except for some fragments quoted in Mahayana philosophical works. In 1998, however, a Sanskrit manuscript was found in the Potala Palace in Lhasa, of which edited versions have been published in 2004 and 2006 by the Taishō University Study Group on Sanskrit Buddhist Literature.

Tibetan Translation

The Sanskrit text was translated into Tibetan by the monk Chönyi Tsultrim (Wyl. chos-nyid tshul-khrims), one of the compilers of the Mahavyutpatti, at the beginning of the 9th century. It can be found in:

• Dergé Kangyur vol. 60 (mdo sde, ma), folios 175.a–239.a.
  འཕགས་པ་དྲི་མ་མེད་པར་གྲགས་པས་བསྟན་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ཐེག་པ་ཆེན་པོའི་མདོ།, Derge Kangyur, Volume 60, folios 175b–239a, (pp.349-478)

Contents

The Tibetan edition is divided into 12 chapters:

1. Purification of the Buddhafield
2. Inconceivable Skill in Liberative Art
3. The Disciples’ and the Bodhisattvas’ Reluctance to Visit Vimalakirti
4. The Consolation of the Invalid
5. The Inconceivable Liberation
6. The Goddess
7. The Family of the Tathagatas
8. The Dharma-Door of Nonduality
9. The Feast Brought by the Emanated Incarnation
10. Lesson of the Destructible and the Indestructible
11. Vision of the Universe Abhirati and the Tathagata Akshobhya
12. Antecedents and Transmission of the Holy Dharma

Modern Translations

In English

• Sara Boin, The Teaching of Vimalakirti (London: Pali Text Society, 1976, reprinted 1994). English version of Étienne Lamotte's French translation (see below)
• Robert Thurman, The Holy Teaching of Vimalakirti: A Mahayana Scripture
  • First published by Pennsylvania State University Press in 1976
  • Abridged introduction and notes, and lightly edited under the supervision of Professor Thurman for 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha (in 2017), available here: The Teaching of Vimalakīrti (Vimala­kīrti­nirdeśasūtra)
• Burton Watson, The Vimalakirti Sutra (Columbia University Press, 1996)

In French

• Lamotte, Étienne, L’Enseignement de Vimalakīrti, Louvain, 1962. Translated from Tibetan.
• Carré, Patrick, Soûtra de la Liberté inconcevable : Les enseignements de Vimalakirti (Fayard, 2000). Translated from Chinese.

External Links

• Multimedia Study Environment of The Holy Teaching of Vimalakirti - requires Columbia University access
• Audio recording of the Vimalakirti Sutra (Burton Watson's translation)
• Vimalakīrtinirdeśa at Thesaurus Literaturae Buddhicae
• Khenpo Sodargye's teachings on the Vimalakirti Sutra
• Teachings on the Vimalakirti Sutra by Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche, New Delhi 2018
• Teachings on the Vimalakirti Sutra by Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche, Bodhgaya 2018
• The Sutra of The Teaching of Vimalakīrti—Sutra & written commentary by Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche