Nine modes of expertise

Nine modes of expertise (Wyl. mkhas pa’i tshul dgu) —

According to one interpretation, these include:

• the 'three wisdom tools' of: study, contemplation and meditation (Wyl. thos bsam sgom gsum);
• the 'three activities of a pandita': exposition, disputation and composition (Wyl. ’chad rtsod rtsom gsum); and
• knowledgeability, ethical-ascetical integrity and goodness (Wyl. mkhas btsun bzang gsum).”

External Links

• When Can Buddhism Be Considered Dead and When Living? by Prof. Dorji Wangchuk